CentOS 7 编译安装 GCC 10.2.0
环境准备
系统版本
$ cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)
安装编译环境
$ sudo yum install gcc gcc-c++ glibc-static wget xz bzip2
$ gcc -v
使用内建 specs。
COLLECT_GCC=gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.8.5/lto-wrapper
目标：x86_64-redhat-linux
配置为：../configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info --with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla --enable-bootstrap --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-linker-build-id --with-linker-hash-style=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada,go,lto --enable-plugin --enable-initfini-array --disable-libgcj --with-isl=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/isl-install --with-cloog=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/cloog-install --enable-gnu-indirect-function --with-tune=generic --with-arch_32=x86-64 --build=x86_64-redhat-linux
线程模型：posix
gcc 版本 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44) (GCC)
下载源码
$ wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-10.2.0/gcc-10.2.0.tar.xz
编译
$ tar -xvf gcc-10.2.0.tar.xz
$ cd gcc-10.2.0
$ ./contrib/download_prerequisites
$ mkdir build
$ cd build
$ sudo mkdir /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/10.2.0
$ ../configure --prefix=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/10.2.0 --enable-bootstrap --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib
$ make
... 数小时的等待
$ sudo make install
配置
$ sudo mv /usr/bin/gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.8.5
$ sudo mv /usr/bin/g++ /usr/bin/g++-4.8.5
$ sudo alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.8.5 88 --slave /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-4.8.5
$ sudo alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/10.2.0/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-gcc 99 --slave /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/10.2.0/bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-g++
$ sudo alternatives --config gcc
$ sudo rm -f /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6
$ sudo ln -s /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/10.2.0/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6
$ strings /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 | grep GLIBC
验证
$ gcc -v
使用内建 specs。
COLLECT_GCC=gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/10.2.0/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/10.2.0/lto-wrapper
目标：x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
配置为：../configure --prefix=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/10.2.0 --enable-bootstrap --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib
线程模型：posix
Supported LTO compression algorithms: zlib
gcc 版本 10.2.0 (GCC)
$ g++ -v
使用内建 specs。
COLLECT_GCC=g++
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/10.2.0/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/10.2.0/lto-wrapper
目标：x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
配置为：../configure --prefix=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/10.2.0 --enable-bootstrap --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib
线程模型：posix
Supported LTO compression algorithms: zlib
gcc 版本 10.2.0 (GCC)
使用cpp20特征测试代码测试一下
$ g++ test.cpp
$ ./a.out
C++ GENERAL
__cplusplus 201402
__cpp_exceptions 199711
__cpp_rtti 199711
C++11 CORE
__cpp_alias_templates 200704
__cpp_attributes 200809
__cpp_constexpr 201304
__cpp_decltype 200707
__cpp_delegating_constructors 200604
__cpp_inheriting_constructors 201511
__cpp_initializer_lists 200806
__cpp_lambdas 200907
__cpp_nsdmi 200809
__cpp_range_based_for 200907
__cpp_raw_strings 200710
__cpp_ref_qualifiers 200710
__cpp_rvalue_references 200610
__cpp_static_assert 200410
__cpp_threadsafe_static_init 200806
__cpp_unicode_characters 200704
__cpp_unicode_literals 200710
__cpp_user_defined_literals 200809
__cpp_variadic_templates 200704
C++14 CORE
__cpp_aggregate_nsdmi 201304
__cpp_binary_literals 201304
__cpp_constexpr 201304
__cpp_decltype_auto 201304
__cpp_generic_lambdas 201304
__cpp_init_captures 201304
__cpp_return_type_deduction 201304
__cpp_sized_deallocation 201309
__cpp_variable_templates 201304
C++14 LIB
__cpp_lib_chrono_udls 201304
__cpp_lib_complex_udls 201309
__cpp_lib_exchange_function 201304
__cpp_lib_generic_associative_lookup 201304
__cpp_lib_integer_sequence 201304
__cpp_lib_integral_constant_callable 201304
__cpp_lib_is_final 201402
__cpp_lib_is_null_pointer 201309
__cpp_lib_make_reverse_iterator 201402
__cpp_lib_make_unique 201304
__cpp_lib_null_iterators 201304
__cpp_lib_quoted_string_io 201304
__cpp_lib_result_of_sfinae 201210
__cpp_lib_robust_nonmodifying_seq_ops 201304
__cpp_lib_shared_timed_mutex 201402
__cpp_lib_string_udls 201304
__cpp_lib_transformation_trait_aliases 201304
__cpp_lib_transparent_operators 201510
__cpp_lib_tuple_element_t 201402
__cpp_lib_tuples_by_type 201304
C++17 CORE
__cpp_aggregate_bases ------
__cpp_aligned_new ------
__cpp_capture_star_this ------
__cpp_constexpr 201304
__cpp_deduction_guides ------
__cpp_enumerator_attributes ------
__cpp_fold_expressions ------
__cpp_guaranteed_copy_elision ------
__cpp_hex_float 201603
__cpp_if_constexpr ------
__cpp_inheriting_constructors 201511
__cpp_inline_variables ------
__cpp_namespace_attributes ------
__cpp_noexcept_function_type ------
__cpp_nontype_template_args ------
__cpp_nontype_template_parameter_auto ------
__cpp_range_based_for 200907
__cpp_static_assert 200410
__cpp_structured_bindings ------
__cpp_template_template_args ------
__cpp_variadic_using ------
C++17 LIB
__cpp_lib_addressof_constexpr ------
__cpp_lib_allocator_traits_is_always_equal 201411
__cpp_lib_any ------
__cpp_lib_apply ------
__cpp_lib_array_constexpr ------
__cpp_lib_as_const ------
__cpp_lib_atomic_is_always_lock_free ------
__cpp_lib_bool_constant ------
__cpp_lib_boyer_moore_searcher ------
__cpp_lib_byte ------
__cpp_lib_chrono ------
__cpp_lib_clamp ------
__cpp_lib_enable_shared_from_this 201603
__cpp_lib_execution ------
__cpp_lib_filesystem ------
__cpp_lib_gcd_lcm ------
__cpp_lib_hardware_interference_size ------
__cpp_lib_has_unique_object_representations ------
__cpp_lib_hypot ------
__cpp_lib_incomplete_container_elements 201505
__cpp_lib_invoke ------
__cpp_lib_is_aggregate ------
__cpp_lib_is_invocable ------
__cpp_lib_is_swappable 201603
__cpp_lib_launder ------
__cpp_lib_logical_traits ------
__cpp_lib_make_from_tuple ------
__cpp_lib_map_try_emplace ------
__cpp_lib_math_special_functions ------
__cpp_lib_memory_resource ------
__cpp_lib_node_extract ------
__cpp_lib_nonmember_container_access ------
__cpp_lib_not_fn ------
__cpp_lib_optional ------
__cpp_lib_parallel_algorithm ------
__cpp_lib_raw_memory_algorithms ------
__cpp_lib_sample ------
__cpp_lib_scoped_lock ------
__cpp_lib_shared_mutex ------
__cpp_lib_shared_ptr_arrays 201611
__cpp_lib_shared_ptr_weak_type ------
__cpp_lib_string_view ------
__cpp_lib_to_chars ------
__cpp_lib_transparent_operators 201510
__cpp_lib_type_trait_variable_templates ------
__cpp_lib_uncaught_exceptions 201411
__cpp_lib_unordered_map_try_emplace ------
__cpp_lib_variant ------
__cpp_lib_void_t 201411
C++20 CORE
__cpp_aggregate_paren_init ------
__cpp_char8_t ------
__cpp_concepts ------
__cpp_conditional_explicit ------
__cpp_consteval ------
__cpp_constexpr 201304
__cpp_constexpr_dynamic_alloc ------
__cpp_constexpr_in_decltype ------
__cpp_constinit ------
__cpp_deduction_guides ------
__cpp_designated_initializers ------
__cpp_generic_lambdas 201304
__cpp_impl_coroutine ------
__cpp_impl_destroying_delete ------
__cpp_impl_three_way_comparison ------
__cpp_init_captures 201304
__cpp_modules ------
__cpp_nontype_template_args ------
__cpp_using_enum ------
C++20 LIB
__cpp_lib_array_constexpr ------
__cpp_lib_assume_aligned ------
__cpp_lib_atomic_flag_test ------
__cpp_lib_atomic_float ------
__cpp_lib_atomic_lock_free_type_aliases ------
__cpp_lib_atomic_ref ------
__cpp_lib_atomic_shared_ptr ------
__cpp_lib_atomic_value_initialization ------
__cpp_lib_atomic_wait ------
__cpp_lib_barrier ------
__cpp_lib_bind_front ------
__cpp_lib_bit_cast ------
__cpp_lib_bitops ------
__cpp_lib_bounded_array_traits ------
__cpp_lib_char8_t ------
__cpp_lib_chrono ------
__cpp_lib_concepts ------
__cpp_lib_constexpr_algorithms ------
__cpp_lib_constexpr_complex ------
__cpp_lib_constexpr_dynamic_alloc ------
__cpp_lib_constexpr_functional ------
__cpp_lib_constexpr_iterator ------
__cpp_lib_constexpr_memory ------
__cpp_lib_constexpr_numeric ------
__cpp_lib_constexpr_string ------
__cpp_lib_constexpr_string_view ------
__cpp_lib_constexpr_tuple ------
__cpp_lib_constexpr_utility ------
__cpp_lib_constexpr_vector ------
__cpp_lib_coroutine ------
__cpp_lib_destroying_delete ------
__cpp_lib_endian ------
__cpp_lib_erase_if ------
__cpp_lib_execution ------
__cpp_lib_format ------
__cpp_lib_generic_unordered_lookup ------
__cpp_lib_int_pow2 ------
__cpp_lib_integer_comparison_functions ------
__cpp_lib_interpolate ------
__cpp_lib_is_constant_evaluated ------
__cpp_lib_is_layout_compatible ------
__cpp_lib_is_nothrow_convertible ------
__cpp_lib_is_pointer_interconvertible ------
__cpp_lib_jthread ------
__cpp_lib_latch ------
__cpp_lib_list_remove_return_type ------
__cpp_lib_math_constants ------
__cpp_lib_polymorphic_allocator ------
__cpp_lib_ranges ------
__cpp_lib_remove_cvref ------
__cpp_lib_semaphore ------
__cpp_lib_shared_ptr_arrays 201611
__cpp_lib_shift ------
__cpp_lib_smart_ptr_for_overwrite ------
__cpp_lib_source_location ------
__cpp_lib_span ------
__cpp_lib_ssize ------
__cpp_lib_starts_ends_with ------
__cpp_lib_string_view ------
__cpp_lib_syncbuf ------
__cpp_lib_three_way_comparison ------
__cpp_lib_to_address ------
__cpp_lib_to_array ------
__cpp_lib_type_identity ------
__cpp_lib_unwrap_ref ------
C++23 CORE
__cpp_size_t_suffix ------
C++23 LIB
__cpp_lib_is_scoped_enum ------
__cpp_lib_stacktrace ------
__cpp_lib_stdatomic_h ------
__cpp_lib_string_contains ------
ATTRIBUTES
carries_dependency ------
deprecated 201309
fallthrough 201603
likely 201803
maybe_unused 201603
nodiscard 201907
noreturn 200809
no_unique_address 201803
unlikely 201803
CentOS 7.9默认GCC版本支持情况
4.8.5这个版本并没有完整支持C++11以及之后的特性
$ cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)
$ gcc -v
使用内建 specs。
COLLECT_GCC=gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.8.5/lto-wrapper
目标：x86_64-redhat-linux
配置为：../configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info --with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla --enable-bootstrap --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-linker-build-id --with-linker-hash-style=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada,go,lto --enable-plugin --enable-initfini-array --disable-libgcj --with-isl=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/isl-install --with-cloog=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/cloog-install --enable-gnu-indirect-function --with-tune=generic --with-arch_32=x86-64 --build=x86_64-redhat-linux
线程模型：posix
gcc 版本 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44) (GCC)
$ g++ -std=c++11 test.cpp
$ ./a.out
C++ GENERAL
__cplusplus 201103
__cpp_exceptions ------
__cpp_rtti ------
C++11 CORE
__cpp_alias_templates ------
__cpp_attributes ------
__cpp_constexpr ------
__cpp_decltype ------
__cpp_delegating_constructors ------
__cpp_inheriting_constructors ------
__cpp_initializer_lists ------
__cpp_lambdas ------
__cpp_nsdmi ------
__cpp_range_based_for ------
__cpp_raw_strings ------
__cpp_ref_qualifiers ------
__cpp_rvalue_references ------
__cpp_static_assert ------
__cpp_threadsafe_static_init ------
__cpp_unicode_characters ------
__cpp_unicode_literals ------
__cpp_user_defined_literals ------
__cpp_variadic_templates ------
......
采用gcc官方源安装高版本gcc
$ sudo yum install -y centos-release-scl-rh centos-release-scl
$ sudo yum list | grep gcc
gcc.x86_64 4.8.5-44.el7 @base
gcc-c++.x86_64 4.8.5-44.el7 @base
libgcc.x86_64 4.8.5-44.el7 @base
compat-gcc-44.x86_64 4.4.7-8.el7 base
compat-gcc-44-c++.x86_64 4.4.7-8.el7 base
compat-gcc-44-gfortran.x86_64 4.4.7-8.el7 base
devtoolset-7-gcc.x86_64 7.3.1-5.16.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-7-gcc-c++.x86_64 7.3.1-5.16.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-7-gcc-gdb-plugin.x86_64 7.3.1-5.16.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-7-gcc-gfortran.x86_64 7.3.1-5.16.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-7-gcc-plugin-devel.x86_64 7.3.1-5.16.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-7-libgccjit.x86_64 7.3.1-5.16.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-7-libgccjit-devel.x86_64 7.3.1-5.16.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-7-libgccjit-docs.x86_64 7.3.1-5.16.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-8-gcc.x86_64 8.3.1-3.2.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-8-gcc-c++.x86_64 8.3.1-3.2.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-8-gcc-gdb-plugin.x86_64 8.3.1-3.2.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-8-gcc-gfortran.x86_64 8.3.1-3.2.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-8-gcc-plugin-devel.x86_64 8.3.1-3.2.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-8-libgccjit.x86_64 8.3.1-3.2.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-8-libgccjit-devel.x86_64 8.3.1-3.2.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-8-libgccjit-docs.x86_64 8.3.1-3.2.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-9-gcc.x86_64 9.3.1-2.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-9-gcc-c++.x86_64 9.3.1-2.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-9-gcc-gdb-plugin.x86_64 9.3.1-2.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-9-gcc-gfortran.x86_64 9.3.1-2.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-9-gcc-plugin-devel.x86_64 9.3.1-2.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-9-libgccjit.x86_64 9.3.1-2.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-9-libgccjit-devel.x86_64 9.3.1-2.el7 centos-sclo-rh
devtoolset-9-libgccjit-docs.x86_64 9.3.1-2.el7 centos-sclo-rh
$ sudo yum install devtoolset-9-gcc devtoolset-9-gcc-c++
$ source /opt/rh/devtoolset-9/enable
$ gcc --version
gcc (GCC) 9.3.1 20200408 (Red Hat 9.3.1-2)
Copyright (C) 2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.